Stroke

A 7-point score (0 to 7) estimating the 2-day risk of stroke after a transient ischaemic attack, from age, blood pressure, clinical features, symptom duration, and diabetes. Higher scores predict higher early stroke risk, but current guidance increasingly favours urgent specialist assessment and imaging over the score alone.

A weighted score (0 to 9) that refines stroke risk in non-valvular atrial fibrillation beyond the older CHADS2 schema, adding vascular disease, age 65 to 74, and female sex. It identifies the low-risk patients who can safely avoid anticoagulation and stratifies everyone else.

The Glasgow Coma Scale grades consciousness across best eye opening (1 to 4), verbal response (1 to 5), and motor response (1 to 6) for a total of 3 to 15. It is the standard way to describe and track impaired consciousness; a total of 8 or less is severe and should prompt consideration of airway protection.

A standardised 15-item neurological examination that grades acute stroke severity from 0 to 42. It is the common language for stroke trials and care: it helps gauge severity, informs reperfusion and triage decisions, and lets a deficit be tracked reproducibly over time.